Toxicity

LD50

LD50 is the amount of a hazardous substance that results in the death of 50 percent of the individuals exposed. LD50 is commonly measured by exposing rats or mice to increasing amounts of the toxic substance until a dosage is reached that kills half the exposed animals within a certain time period (usually fourteen days).

—Dan M. Sullivan Table 1. Toxicity rating for humans (70 kg [154 lb.] body weight).

Table 1. Toxicity rating for humans (70 kg [154 lb.] body weight).

TOXICITY RATING FOR HUMANS (70 KG BODY WEIGHT)
Rating/Class	Dose
SOURCE: Gosselin, et al. (1984). Clinical Toxicology of Commercial Products. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkens.
6. Super toxic	<5 mg/kg
5. Extremely toxic	5–50 mg/kg
4. Very toxic	50–500 mg/kg
3. Moderately toxic	0.5–5 g/kg
2. Slightly toxic	5–15 g/kg
1. Practically nontoxic	>15 g/kg

Although traditional investigations into the toxicity of chemicals in the natural environment have focused on animals, the toxicity of agrichemical and environmental pollutants to plants (phytotoxicity) has gained interest. Despite being well documented in literature, phytotoxicity is measured in various ways by agronomists and plant scientists; a standard quantification unit is therefore difficult to devise
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