ESC 1000 Midterm Vocabulary Lists

Fall 2010 Term (List Reduced to 215 terms)

Chapter 1 Vocabulary Word List (25)

Abyssal plain	Environment	Nonrenewable resource
Asthenosphere	Geological time scale	Oceanic ridge
Astronomy	Geology	Oceanography
Atmosphere	Geosphere	Open system
Biosphere	Hydrosphere	Outer core
Closed system	Hypothesis	Paradigm
Continental margin	Inner core	Physical environment
Continental shelf	Interface	Plate
Continental Slope	Lithosphere	Plate tectonics
Core	Lower mantle	Positive feedback mechanism
Crust	Mantle	Renewable resource
Deep Ocean Basin	Meteorology	Seamount
Deep Ocean Trench	Model	Shield
Earth Science	Nebular hypothesis	Stable platform
Earth system science	Negative feedback	System
		Theory

Chapter 2: Minerals: Building Blocks of Rocks Word List

(29 words)

Atom	Hardness	Periodic table
Atomic Number	Ion	Principal shell
Carbonates	Ionic bond	Proton
Cleavage	Isotope	Quartz
Color	Luster	Radioactive decay
Compound	Mass number	Reserve
Covalent bond	Mineral	Rock
Crystal form	Mineralogy	Rock-forming minerals
Density	Mineral resource	Silicate
Electron	Mohs hardness scale	Silicon-oxygen tetrahedron
Energy levels	Neutron	Streak
Element	Nonsilicates	Tenacity
Feldspar	Nucleus	Translucent
Fracture	Opaque	Transparent
Habit	Ore	Valence electrons

Chapter 3 Rocks: Minerals of the Solid Earth Word List(18)

Andesitic composition	Fossils	Metamorphism
Basaltic composition	Foliated texture	Nonfoliated texture
Bowen’s reaction series	Glassy texture	Pegmatite
Chemical sedimentary rock	Granitic composition	Porphyritic texture
Coarse-grained texture	Hydrothermal solution	Regional metamorphism
Contact metamorphism	Igneous rock	Rock cycle
Crystallization	Intermediate composition	Sediment
Crystal settling	Intrusive rock	Sedimentary rock
Detrital sedimentary rock	Lava	Strata
Disseminated deposit	Lithification	Texture
Evaporate	Mafic	Thermal metamorphism
Extrusive	Magma	Ultramafic composition
Felsic	Magmatic differentiation	Vein deposit
Fine-grained texture	Metamorphic rock

Chapter 4: Weathering, Soil, and Mass Wasting Word List(23)

Angle of repose	Frost wedging	Sheeting
Chemical weathering	Horizon	Slide
Creep	Internal processes	Slump
Debris flow	Lahar	Soil
Differential weathering	Leaching	Soil profile
Earth flow	Mass wasting	Soil Taxonomy
Eluviation	Mechanical weathering	Soil texture
Erosion	Parent material	Solifluction
Exfoliation dome	Permafrost	Solum
External processes	Regolith	Spheroidal weathering
Fall	Rockslide	Talus slope
Flow	Secondary enrichment	Weathering

Chapter 5: Running Water and Groundwater

Alluvial Fans	Drainage Basin	Radial Pattern
Alluvium	Drawdown	Rectangular Pattern
Aquifers	Erosion	Runoff
Aquitards	Evapotranspiration	Saltation
Artesian Well	Flood	Settling velocity
Artificial Levees	Flood Control Dams	Sinkholes
Backswamp	Floodplain	Sorting
Bar	Geysers	Springs
Base level	Gradient	Stalactite
Bed load	Groundwater	Stalagmite
Braided Stream	Hot springs	Stream Valley
Capacity	Hydrologic Cycle	Suspended Load
Cavern	Incised Meander	Transpiration
Competence	Infiltration	Trellis Pattern
Cone of Depression	Infiltration Capacity	Turbulent Flow
Cut bank	Karst topography	Unsaturated zone
Cutoff	Laminar Flow	Water Table
Delta	Meanders	Wells
Dendritic Pattern	Natural Levees	Yazoo Tributary
Discharge	Oxbow lake	Zone of Aeration
Dissolved load	Permeability	Zone of Saturation
Distributary	Point bar
Divide	Porosity

(34 Words)

Chapter 6: Glacier, Deserts, and Wind(21)

Ablation	Glacial drift	Outwash Plain
Abrasion	Glacial erratic	Parabolic dune
Alluvial fan	Glacial Trough	Piedmont Glacier
Alpine glacier	Glacial Striations	Playa Lake
Arête	Glacier	Pleistocene epoch
Barchan Dune	Ground Moraine	Plucking
Barchanoid Dune	Hanging Valley	Pluvial Lake
Blowout	Horn	Rock flour
Cirque	Ice Cap	Slip face
Crevasse	Ice Sheet	Star Dune
Cross beds	Ice Shelf	Stratified drift
Deflation	Interior drainage	Till
Desert pavement	Kame	Transverse dune
Drumlin	Kettle holes	Valley Glacier
End moraine	Lateral Moraine	Valley Train
Ephemeral stream	Loess	Zone of Accumulation
Esker	Longitudinal dune	Zone of Wastage
Fiord	Medical Moraine

Chapter 7: Plate Tectonics: A Scientific Theory Unfolds(22)

Asthenosphere	Island arc	Plate tectonics
Continental drift theory	Lithosphere	Reverse polarity
Continental volcanic arc	Magnetic time scale	Ridge push
Convergent plate boundary	Mantle plume	Rift
Curie Point	Normal polarity	Seafloor is spreading
Deep-ocean trench	Ocean ridge system	Slab pull
Divergent plate boundary	Paleomagnetism	slab suction
fossil magnetism	Pangaea	Subduction zone
Fracture	Partial melting	Transform fault boundary
Hot spot	Plate	Volcanic island arc

Chapter 8: Earthquakes and Earth’s Interior(18)

Aftershock	Foreshock	Outer core
Asthenosphere	Inner core	Primary (P) Wave
Body wave	Intensity	Richter Scale
Core	Liquefaction	Secondary (S) Wave
Crust	Lithosphere	Seismic Sea Wave
Earthquake	Magnitude	Seismogram
Elastic rebound	Mantle	Seismograph
Epicenter	Mesosphere	Seismology
Fault	Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale	Shadow Zone
Fault creep	Mohorovicic Discontinuity	Surface Wave
Focus (earthquake)	Moment Magnitude

Chapter 9: Volcanoes and Other Igneous Activity(25)

AA flow	Furmarole	Pyroclastic Flow
Batholith	Geothermal Gradient	Pyroclastic Material
Caldera	Hot Spot	Scoria Cone
Cinder Cone	Intraplate Volcanism	Shield Volcano
Columnar Joint	Island Arc	Sill
Composite Cone	Laccolith	Strato volcanoes
Conduit	Lahar	Vent
Continental Volcanic Arc	Mantle Plume	Viscosity
Crater	Muee Ardente	Volatiles
Decompression Melting	Pahoehoe Flow	Volcanic Island Arc
Dike	Parasitic Cone	Volcanic Neck
Fissure	Partial Melting	Volcano
Fissure eruption	Pipe
Flood basalt	Pluton

Additional Chapters that will not be tested Fall 2010 Term:

Chapter 10: Mountain Building

accretionary wedge	fault-block mountains	normal fault
active continental margin	fault scarp	orogenesis
anticline	fold	passive continental margin
basin	graben	reverse fault
brittle failure	gravitational collapse	strike-slip fault
deformation	horst	syncline
dip-slip fault	isostacy	terrane
dome	isotatic adjustment	thrust fault
ductile deformation	joint	transform fault
fault	monocline

Chapter 11: Geological Time

angular unconformity	fossil succession	period
Archean eon	geologic time scale	Phanerozoic eon
catastrophism	half-life	Precambrian
Cenozoic era	inclusions	radioactivity
conformable	index fossil	Proterozoic eon
correlation	Mesozoic era	radiocarbon dating
cross-cutting relationships	nonconformity	radiometric dating
disconformity	numerical date	relative dating
eon	original horizontally	superposition
epoch	paleontology	unconformity
fossil	Paleozoic era	uniformitarianism

Chapter 12: not included