ESC 1000L Space Science Video Notes Name: ____________

Please watch the following video box set. Take notes on each of the chapters of the disc. When you are finished each chapter, write questions that a student should be able to answer if she/he viewed this disk. Also you should have at least two or more questions for each chapter. Also list your Most Significant Discovery (discoveries) from each chapter:

260 minutes 2007

Geologic Journey Review: Geologic Journey: Geologic Journey is a five part documentary series, shot in high definition, which delves into the geological history that has shaped the mythic Canadian landscape, offering a wide and compelling range of scientific, amateur enthusiast and narrative perspectives that enlighten the ways in which out land is shaped. Blending state of the art new science, a range of visual techniques and personal observation, the series documents the incredible and sometimes surprising geological history of Canada, mirroring the mythic quality of out landscape, its dramatic scale and extraordinary contrasts.

Disc One;

Chapter 1: The Great Lakes

Did you know that there was once a towering range where Toronto now resides? Or that there was a tropical salt water sea that covered the area of Wisconsin to Michigan? From moraines, to kettles, to drumlins, to tarn lakes, and Niagara Falls, the topography and geology of the Great Lakes region is unparalleled, strikingly beautiful and a place of wild contrasts.

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Most Significant Discovery (discoveries)

Chapter 2: The Rockies

Did you know that the peaks of the Rocky Mountains are actually part of the ancient ocean floor? A tour through the snow covered peaks and table rocks of the Rockies reveal the growth pangs of the mountain-building era. The pristine beauty of the Canadian Rockies gives way to ghost towns and gold mines of the mountains in Colorado, a telltale clue of how the mountains in Canada were created differently from their cousins in the United States.

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Most Significant Discovery (discoveries)

Chapter 3: The Canadian Shield

Geologists believe the rocks of the Canadian Shield were present during the very beginnings of the Earth’s formation. Time has shaped them into an ensamble of proud mountains and vast plains were valuable resources such as gold and diamonds can be found under the crust.

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Most Significant Discovery (discoveries)

Disc Two:

Chapter 1: The Appalachians

This episode unveils the mystery of weather the mountain range was once the witness to not one but two massive continental collisions. Hidden in the rocks lies dramatic evidence unearthed by Jim Hubbard telling how continents once drifted across the planet to collide and create our modern geography.

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Most Significant Discovery (discoveries)

Chapter 2: The Atlantic Coast

The Atlantic Coast explores the deepest part of a long vanished ocean that was the forefather of the Atlantic. It pours over thousands of fossils whose discovery helped solve a problem that once baffled Darwin, and shows graphic proof of how North America and Africa were once bound together.

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Most Significant Discovery (discoveries)

Additional Review:

This review is from: Geologic Journey - Odyssee Geologique (Boxset) (DVD)

In this stunning Canadian Broadcasting Corporation production, narrator David Suzuki guides us through the mechanisms that built the North American continent. A five part series that ranges from the Great Lakes to the Atlantic seaboard, you are taken through immense stretches of time. It's not easy getting used to the numbers offered (you) here. The action of oceanic plates pushed various major and minor continents together in forming North America - which was sitting at the Equator at the time. The Great Lakes, known to be the product of the passage of the Laurentide Glacier twenty thousand years ago, lie on a foundation of rock over 1.2 billion years old. More astonishing perhaps is the answer to "Darwin's Dilemma" - what life preceded the Cambrian "explosion" of 550 million years ago? In the rocks of a minor peninsula of Newfoundland-Labrador reside the fossils of the Earth's first animals, fauna living over 600 million years in the past.

The Great Lakes offer vivid evidence of the Earth's age. Rocks along the Niagara Escarpment show the layering that intrigued the earliest geologists. Although those pioneers had no idea of the true age of the Earth, it was clear that the time involved was lengthy, indeed. The passage of time comes from Georgian Bay rocks that show evidence of an immense mountain building process raising peaks over what is now Toronto. The images of smooth, flat rocks are deceptive - nothing mountainous is indicated. But the image is that of mountains which have worn away. Tucked away among the Great Lakes is a waterfall higher than Niagara. Today, instead of passing Lake Huron waters into Georgian Bay, the fall is now an underwater escarpment. Beyond the Lakes, the Canadian Shield stretches across most of North America and has revealed rocks nearly as old as the Earth.

At the edges of that extended rock floor are the Rocky Mountains in the west and the Appalachian range bordering the Atlantic. The scientists studying these ranges explain their origins and the processes that raised them. In one sense, the Rockies are easier to understand, their folds and crags offering views of how mountains arise. The geologists explain how the evidence for mountain raising is found in the rocks and where they originated. The Rockies resulted from the Shield's movement westward where it met another plate coming east. At the opposite side of the continent, the Appalachians' story is far more complex. Many events accumulated evidence over time raising mountains only to have them wear away before a new building event raised new peaks. Once it was thought the current Appalachians were raised by a single event, but one of the geologists, who has been working along that range for four decades, detected anomalies that can only be explained by the collision of two "micro-continents that formed the Carolinas' shoreline and eastern Newfoundland.

Those Eastern Newfoundland rocks carry much information. Rocks in Newfoundland can be matched only in Africa - at the Atlas Mountains in Morocco. Those Newfoundland rocks hold an even more important secret, however. For many years after the publication of Charles Darwin's "The Origin of Species", the form of the earliest life remained elusive. It was clear that life must have been soft-bodied, unlikely to leave fossils like bones or teeth. An ancient volcano, however, spewed over a shallow sea, trapping a host of bizarre creatures under a film of fine ash that hardened into rock preserving the creatures' shapes. Canadian and Australian palaeontologists discovered those hardened forms. They deduce from the rocky patterns that while these were once animals, they gained their sustenance from the sea's nutrients instead of each other. "It was an age of peace" comments one of the scientists.

The imagery of this series is awesome, with a good mix of sweeping vistas and detail-revealing close-ups. Some details are only shown through computer-generated graphics such as the movement of lost continents over time as if performing a lithic waltz. The structure of tiny jewels - zircons - which contain the molecules indicating the rock's age, need the illustrator's touch, also. Through it all, David Suzuki's measured narrative keeps you abreast of the events and their meaning. Largely, however, he relinquishes the tale for the scientists to take up. There are still those who still picture researchers as lab-coated individuals aloof to daily life. These scientists dispel that image as wholly false as they climb cliffs, dig in cornfields or comment on the forces involved in making North America. Watch this, rejoicing in what we are learning about the world beneath our feet or towering over our heads. [Stephen A. Haines - Ottawa, Ontario]

Chapter 6: Glacier, Deserts, and Wind

Ablation	Glacial drift	Outwash Plain
Abrasion	Glacial erratic	Parabolic dune
Alluvial fan	Glacial Trough	Piedmont Glacier
Alpine glacier	Glacial Striations	Playa Lake
Arête	Glacier	Pleistocene epoch
Barchan Dune	Ground Moraine	Plucking
Barchanoid Dune	Hanging Valley	Pluvial Lake
Blowout	Horn	Rock flour
Cirque	Ice Cap	Slip face
Crevasse	Ice Sheet	Star Dune
Cross beds	Ice Shelf	Stratified drift
Deflation	Interior drainage	Till
Desert pavement	Kame	Transverse dune
Drumlin	Kettle holes	Valley Glacier
End moraine	Lateral Moraine	Valley Train
Ephemeral stream	Loess	Zone of Accumulation
Esker	Longitudinal dune	Zone of Wastage
Fiord	Medical Moraine

Chapter 7: Plate Tectonics: A Scientific Theory Unfolds

Asthenosphere	Island arc	Plate tectonics
Continental drift theory	Lithosphere	Reverse polarity
Continental volcanic arc	Magnetic time scale	Ridge push
Convergent plate boundary	Mantle plume	Rift (rift valley)
Curie Point	Normal polarity	Seafloor is spreading
Deep-ocean trench	Ocean ridge system	Slab pull
Divergent plate boundary	Paleomagnetism	slab suction
fossil magnetism	Pangaea	Subduction zone
Fracture	Partial melting	Transform fault boundary
Hot spot	Plate	Volcanic island arc
Asthenosphere	Island arc	Plate tectonics

Chapter 8: Earthquakes and Earth’s Interior

Aftershock	Foreshock	Outer core
Asthenosphere	Inner core	Primary (P) Wave
Body wave	Intensity	Richter Scale
Core	Liquefaction	Secondary (S) Wave
Crust	Lithosphere	Seismic Sea Wave
Earthquake	Magnitude	Seismogram
Elastic rebound	Mantle	Seismograph
Epicenter	Mesosphere	Seismology
Fault	Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale	Shadow Zone
Fault creep	Mohorovicic Discontinuity	Surface Wave
Focus (earthquake)	Moment Magnitude

Chapter 9: Volcanoes and Other Igneous Activity

AA flow	Furmarole	Pyroclastic Flow
Batholith	Geothermal Gradient	Pyroclastic Material
Caldera	Hot Spot	Scoria Cone
Cinder Cone	Intraplate Volcanism	Shield Volcano
Columnar Joint	Island Arc	Sill
Composite Cone	Laccolith	Strato volcanoes
Conduit	Lahar	Vent
Continental Volcanic Arc	Mantle Plume	Viscosity
Crater	Muee Ardente	Volatiles
Decompression Melting	Pahoehoe Flow	Volcanic Island Arc
Dike	Parasitic Cone	Volcanic Neck
Fissure	Partial Melting	Volcano
Fissure eruption	Pipe
Flood basalt	Pluton

Chapter 10: Mountain Building

accretionary wedge	fault-block mountains	normal fault
active continental margin	fault scarp	orogenesis
anticline	fold	passive continental margin
basin	graben	reverse fault
brittle failure	gravitational collapse	strike-slip fault
deformation	horst	syncline
dip-slip fault	isostacy	terrane
dome	isotatic adjustment	thrust fault
ductile deformation	joint	transform fault
fault	monocline

Chapter 11: Geological Time

angular unconformity	fossil succession	period
Archean eon	geologic time scale	Phanerozoic eon
catastrophism	half-life	Precambrian
Cenozoic era	inclusions	radioactivity
conformable	index fossil	Proterozoic eon
correlation	Mesozoic era	radiocarbon dating
cross-cutting relationships	nonconformity	radiometric dating
disconformity	numerical date	relative dating
eon	original horizontally	superposition
epoch	paleontology	unconformity
fossil	Paleozoic era	uniformitarianism